By Nancy Gardner


Residents of towns and cities almost always have to pay municipal rates. There are very few property owners who are not subject to these charges. Monthly billing occupies a large amount of the municipality's productive time, and yet at the same time the local authority also has to keep tabs on whether or not residents are paying their bills. The utility bill software that the municipality uses to perform these functions therefore needs to be able to support the latter.

There are some indispensable characteristics that the software should have in order to be effective in the municipality's administration. Even the first stage of the billing process, which is the issuing of the actual paper bills, presents some simple requirements to the administration and, in turn, to the software that they use. One of these is accuracy. The standard off-hand wise-crack about the municipal account that shows a million-dollar water bill is not as humorous as it may sound.

Another factor is the sheer population of the residential area. A city can have literally millions of residents. Any database with that many files is going to need the magnitude of its population to be taken into account. The municipal software should be able to handle an enormous amount of entries, entries which are constantly updated.

Second, the issue of non-payment arises in some cases. This is a common problem in municipal accounting and as such the software should be able to handle it too. Some residents cannot pay, due to indigence, while others simply refuse to, for whatever reason they may have. If the software cannot reliably detect non-payment, it is obviously not suitable.

Third, the software needs to allow its users to produce paperwork that is appropriate to the local residents. Some urban settlements are home to more than one language. This should be accommodated through the use of bilingual bills, or bills issued in the language of a specific resident's area. The software should be able to handle more than one language where this is required.

Not everyone has the same level of literacy or education. Some people might be only partially literate, even though they are professional people or artisans. The fact that they are illiterate does not necessarily mean that they are impoverished or that they reside in the poorer areas of the town or city, or that they lack financial resources. In such cases, the bill should be easy to understand. Issuing paperwork to the entire population always involves this requirement and the software should be able to accommodate it.

The actual physical statement has its own requirements. A person who seldom reads such documents, or who is not literate, should be able to identify the important figures on it, and also the dates. This implies that it should be easy to assess, with a simplified layout.

Inaccuracies in statements are embarrassing to the municipality, and non-payment is a serious threat to the budget. Municipal software needs to address both of these issues. At the same time, the municipal administration presents it with thousands of users and millions of entries, so it should be as easy to use as possible.




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